Bauxite-rich Guinea redrafts political landscape with new constitution

Guinea's military leadership has introduced a draft constitution to reduce presidential terms and limit the number of terms a president can serve the West African nation with the world's largest bauxite reserves on record. The proposed changes, announced by Jean-Paul Kotembedouno, spokesperson for the National Transition Council's constitution commission, seek to shorten the presidential term from six years to five and restrict any individual from serving more than two terms as president in their lifetime.

The draft constitution also sets age requirements for presidential candidates, who must be at least 35 years old and not older than 80. This proposal follows the dissolution of the previous constitution by General Mamadi Doumbouya after his coup in September 2021. The coup ousted former President Alpha Conde, who had controversially extended presidential terms to six years and secured a third term in office.

Amidst rising public discontent over the high cost of living, media restrictions, and arrests of pro-democracy activists, the draft constitution aims to stabilize governance and address citizens' grievances. The plan includes the establishment of a senate to work alongside the National Assembly. It proposes the creation of a National Council for Development and a Special Court of Justice, offering a potential path to a more stable and just political landscape.

The National Council for Development, comprising former prime ministers and ex-ministers, will play a crucial role in advising on mining, energy, hydraulic, and environmental contracts. This provision ensures that experienced voices are heard in key sectors, enhancing the audience's understanding of the Constitution's impact.

Additionally, the draft law mandates that the Senate review presidential nominations for the central bank governor and deputy governor positions before appointment.

Guinea, the world's top producer and exporter of bauxite, as of 2023 and home to the largest untapped iron ore deposit, is poised for significant changes as companies, including Rio Tinto Plc, plan to commence iron ore shipments by 2026.

The draft constitution will be put to a referendum for adoption, marking a pivotal moment for Guinea's political landscape. However, we have not received any comments from mining companies regarding the impact on the sector.